Dump body for vehicles



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A TTORNEYS Patented Oct. 24, 1933 r UNITED "STATES PATENT, OFFICE BodyCorporation, Coatesville, Pa., a corpora-, tion of PennsylvaniaApplication October 13, 1930. Serial No. 488,265 Claims. (Cl. 298- 13)This invention relates to dump bodies for ve- 11 for supporting saidbody with capacity for hicles such as automobile, trucks and the like,movement horizontally to dumping position to and has reference moreparticularly to dump either side of the truck chassis frame indicatedbodies of the kind featured in U. S. Patent No. at 12. For the sake ofcombined lightness and j 5; 1,608,923, granted to me on November 30,1926, strength, the body is preferably constructed so capable of lateralmovement for discharge of the throughout of sheet metal with a bottom13,load to either side of the supporting chassis. and front, tail and sideboards 14, 15, 16 and 17 My present invention is in part directed towardrespectively. The front board 14 just referred provision, in connectionwith a dump body of the to as well as rear corner'posts indicated at 18,

1Q indicated type, of actuating meansfor progres- 19 in Figs. I and IIare rigid with the bottom 13 a5 sively'tilting the body concurrentlywith move-' of the body While the a and Side boards ment thereofhorizontally of the chassis, thereby 15, 16 and 17 are suspended forswinging moveto equalize the effort necessary to operate the ment. byhinges 20 and 21 from the tops of the body-and to predetermine gradual.rolling over front board 14 and the corner posts 18, 19.

15; of the load incident to dumping with assurance Projecting laterallyfrom the bottom corners of "20 load can be controlled at will.

'25; open under the influence of-gravity.

against upsetting of the vehicle. A furtheradthe tailboard 15 are lugs22 which normally ocvantage attributable to the actuating means cupy thebifurcations of brackets 23 secured to aforesaid is that'the body may betiltedto differthe corner posts-18, 19 at the bottom. Removent. anglesso that dumping of portions of the able keepe p s 24 serve to retain elugs 22 within the bifurcations of the brackets 23 and Another object ofmy invention is to provide thereby lock the tail board 15 againstopening. improved latch means which are automatically The side boards16, 17 on the other hand, are operated as the body is tilted, to releasethe side normally held locked by latch members 25, 26 boards of thelatter and permit them to swing whereof there are in the presentinstance two for each side board. As shown in Fig. III I also, aim toprovide facilities whereby the theselatch members .are secured to rockshafts dump body may be operated under power as well 27, 28 with journalsupport in bearing ,blocks as manually. 1 I 29 at the underside of thebody bottom 13. Still other objects and attendant advantages Torsionsprings 30 influencing the shafts 27, 28

;3 0 of this invention will be manifest from the folserveto maintain thelatch members 25, 26 in lowing detailed description of the attached firmf engagement with tapering wedge blocks drawings, wherein Fig. I is aside elevationof the 31 interiorly of the bottom edge hollows of therear portion of an automobile truck fitted with side boards 16, 17, andthereby prevent rattling. my improved dump body, portions of said bodyTo enable retraction of the latch members 25,

'35 being broken outand others shown in section to 26; as later ondescribed, actuating arms 32, 33

better illustrate important structural details. are secured to therockshafts 27, 28 respectively. Fig. II is, a plan view of the body. Thebottom 13 of the body 10 is stiffened along Fig. III is a crosssectional view taken as indiits'lateral edges by integral dependingchannel cated by the arrows III-III in Figs. I and II. flange formations34, and at the ends by sepa- 40 Fig. IV shows a plan section taken'asindicated rately attached channels 35; Intermediate by the arrows IVIVin Figs. I and III. lengthwise beams 36, and a pair of I-beams 37, Fig.V is a detailsectional view taken as 38 extending crosswise between theflange forindicated by the arrowsV-Vin Fig. IV" and mations 34, lendfurther strength to the body drawn to a larger scale. 1 structure. TheI-beams 3'7, 38 ,just referred to 45 Fig, VI is a fragmentary crosssectional view are confined to transverse guideways 39, 40 'af- 0 of thedump body in tilted position, showing the forded by pairs of crosschannels 41 and 42, provisions made for preventing automatic re thatbridge the tops of the longitudinals 43, 44 lease of the side boards ofthe body when desired; of the sub-frame 11 near opposite ends. As and, Vshown in Figs. I and III the I beams 37, 38 0 Fig. VII is a detailperspective view showing rest .upon rollers 45, 46 which are constrainedcertain parts of the latch means for the side within theguideways 39, 40but free to revolve boards the truck body..

p on shafts 4'7, .48 extending lengthwise of oppo- As delineated inthese illustrations, my invensite sides of the sub-frame 11 andjournalled in tion comprises a truck body which is generally bearings50, 51., The rollers 45, 46- on their 55 designated by the numeral'10,and a sub-frame shaft axes'47 48 notonly reduce the frictionalresistance to lateral movement of the body 10 relative to the chassis12, but also afford lateral fulcra for the lateral tilting of the body,all as hereinafter described. Normally, however, the body 10 occupies astable central position on the chassis 12 as shown in full lines in Fig.III, with its center of gravity (and that of its load) between thefulcra at 4'7, 48;

It will also be noted from Figs. I and III. that the longitudinals 43,44 of the sub-frame 11 rest, with interposition of strips 52, 53 of Woodor other suitable cushioning material on the longie tudinals 54, 55 ofthe chassis frame 12, whereto they are secured by U-bolts 56.

The means which I rely upon for moving the body 10 horizontally to oneside or the other of the chassis includes a pair of endless chains 57,58 which are attached to brackets 59 at theunderside of the body bottom13 and trained about coordinated sprocket wheels 60 and 61, respectivelyon the shafts 47, 48. Fora reason which will presently become apparent,the sprockets 61, "a e" keyed fast to the shaft48 while the sprockets 60are free on the shaft 47. A transverse operating shaft 62 has journalsupport adjacent one end in a bearing 63 bolted fast to abra'ck'et 64 onone side of the sub-frame 11, andadjacent the other end in a gearhousing 65 1 a bolted fast to the foremost of the bridging chan- 30"nels 41, see Figs. III and IV. Within the housing 65 the operating shaft62 has secured to it a worm66 that meshes with a worm wheel 6'7 on thesprocket shaft 48 which also enters the hous ing. The projecting ends ofthe operating shaft 35" I 'cludes .an enclosed speed reducing gear set73,

anda sprocket chain 74 whereby motion is communicated to the operatingshaft 62. Interposed in the auxiliary power transmission shaft 72 .is aslip coupling" 75 to protect the parts against injury in the event thatthe operative fails tothrow' the clutch lever '71 after the body l0 hasbeen moved to the full extent to one or' the other side of the vehicleincident to dumping. By means of a supplemental hand operated'clutch'76,'the sprocket pinion 77 on the shaft 62 may be freed to permitmanual operation of the latter by means of the hand crank 69 whendesired or when required through failure of the power mechanism. Thebody 10 is normally held against displacem'ent'on the chassis i2 bymeans of a bolt 78 which is slidable in a bearing boss 79 on the I-beam37, and which engages an apertured bracket .80 secured to the sub-frame11, see Figs. I and IV. The slide bolt 78 may be operated from eitherside of the vehicle by reason of a link connection 81 with a doubleended lever '82 having fulcrum attachment at the center of the undersideof the body bottom 13. The move- 7 80. The slide bolt 78 mayalso' beoperated by means of ahand lever 83 which is accessible displacement ofthe bolt 78 from the aperture in the bracket 80 as shown in Fig. V, andthe body 10 thereby released for actuation by power .under control ofthe hand lever 71.

Concurrently with horizontal movement of "the body .lOlt'or one. side orthe other of the chassis12', bringing its center of gravity nearerandhearer the corresponding roller axes 47, 48, it is tiltedthroughcooperation of rollers 85, 86 on arms 87, 88 depending centrally fromits I- beams 3'7, 38, respectively, with cam tracks 89, 90 on the:sub-frame 11, one or the other sets of the supporting" rollers 45," 46acting as rotary fulcrum's at the time. The cam tracks 89, 90 are in thepresent instance, suitably fashioned from' stout barm'etalfand weldedfast to flush vertical surfaces afforded jointly by oneof each 200 pairof the bridging channels '41, 42 and aligned subjacent channels 91, 92iextendingcrosswise of the sub-frame lli'n the plane of itslongitudinals, see Fig. I. As best seenin 'Fig'. III, the cam tracks89,90 embody mainly horizontal op posing but upwardly-curved portions 93, 94 which are symmetric with r'es'pec'tto the length; wise axis of thesub-f rame'lhand which terminate in mainly vertically-directedportions95 Due to the describedarrangement, itis evident 1 750 that the tiltingof the body IO-will be progressive and more and more rapid as it ismovedsidewise on the chassis 12, since the cam tracks 89, 90 are curvedupward in correlation with the approach of the center'ofgravity to'thecorifs responding fulcra 45, 46; Theload is thereby gently rolled overrather than thrown, with assurance against upsetting ofthe vehicleincidentto dumping; 'and tilting of the body- 10 is accomplished withequalization of the'effort 120 expended under either manual or poweroperation. From Fig. III it will be observed that the design of the camtracks 89, 90 is such that the rollers'85, 86 on the depending-arms87,88 of the body 10 enter the vertically-directed terminal portions95just as the gravity center of said body passes :over'the supportingrollers 45 or 46, as the case may be. The body-l'O isthereby momentarilyreleased to swingfree, auto matically, and comes to rest abruptly in-anin- $30 clined dumping position, as exemplified in Figs. III and VI,with a slight jar asthe rollers 85, 86 hit the tops of the terminalportions 95 of the cam tracks 89, 90. Such jarring obviously facilitatesdischarge of the load from" the body 10 and 'is particularly effectivein dislodging clingingmaterials like wetisand.

With initiation'of the movement of the body 10 to the right as inFig-III; the'actuatingarm 33 for the latch members "26 rideon the shaft48, with attendant. release of'the side board ids 1'? which thereuponopens automatically under the influence of gravity in preparation fordischarge of the load in a manner obvious from the illustration. As theside board 17 swings and opens outward progressively with theprogressive tilting of the body 10, the load is progressiv'elydischarged under the loweredge of the board 17. "The opposite sideboard16will at thistime remain closed and locked, since 15!) the actuatingarm 32 for the latch members 25 recedes from the shaft 47. The converseof the foregoing takes place of course, when the body 10 is moved to theleft in Fig. III.

Under certain conditions of practice, it may be,

preferable to keep the side boards 16, 17 of the body 10 latchedincident to dumping. To this end the actuating arms 32, 33 for thelatches 25, 26 are made in two parts 32a, 32b and 33a, 331)respectively, which parts, as best shown in Fig. VII, are pivotallyconnected permanently in each instance by a bolt 96, but normally heldagainst independent movement by a supplemental locking pin 97. When thispin 97 is removed it is evident that the tail portion 33b of the arm 33illustrated in Fig. VII is free to swing relative to the part 33awithout inducing movement of the coordinated latches 26 as the body 10is titled: i. e., the automatic release of the side board 1'7 as aboveset forth is prevented by removal of the pin 9'7. The side board 17 willtherefore remain latched as shown in Fig. VI.

Like reasoning will obviously hold for the actuating arm 32 associatedwith the latches 25 for the side board 16 of the body 10.

In instances where it is desirable that only portions of the load bedumped the body 10 may be tilted but'part way under control of itsactuating mechanism instead of through the maximum angle shown in Fig.III. This capacity of my improved truck is advantageous in that itpermits, for example, distribution of stone or sand at intervals along astreet curb until the load is exhausted. The advantage just indicated,as well as others previously mentioned, may obviously be realized in aflat top body with removable sides or stakes as well as with theautomatic side board types specifically featured herein.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. The combination with a motor vehicle chassis, of a dump body;mechanism beneath the body for moving it sidewise and for concurrentlytilting it to discharge its contents, the said mechanism including anendless'transversely arranged sprocket chain, and a closed loop symmetrically-disposed and upwardly curved cam track engaging a rollerdependently-supported below the body; operating means for actuating themechanism comprising a transverse shaft in gear coordination with ashaft carrying one of the sprockets for the chain aforesaid; and meanswhereby the transverse shaft aforesaid may be connected with the motorof the vehicle for power operation of the dump body actuating mechanism.a

2. The combination with a vehicle chassis affording a lateral fulcrum,and a dump body having a side board mounted to swing and open outwardand discharge the body contents under its lower edge, said body beingnormally stable on said chassis but movable laterally relative thereto,and also laterally tiltable relative thereto on said fulcrum, of meansfor moving said body laterally as aforesaid, thus bringing its center ofgravity nearer and nearer the fulcrum, cam means for concurrentlytilting the body against gravity curved in correlation with the approachof the center of gravity to the fulcrum so as to tilt the body more andmore rapidly relative to its lateral movement as its center of gravityapproaches the fulcrum, means for normally holding said side boardagainst swinging outward as aforesaid, and means for automaticallyreleasing said side board during the earlier lateral and tiltingmovement of the body, so as to permit progressive opening of the sideboard and discharge of the load as the body tilts.

3. The combination as set forth in the preced-= ing claimincluding'means for preventing automatic release of the side board asset forth in said claim.

4. The combination with a vehicle chassis affording a lateral fulcrum,and a dump body normally stable on said chassis but movable laterallyrelative thereto, and also laterally tiltable relative thereto on saidfulcrum; of means for moving said body laterally as aforesaid, thusbringing its center of gravity nearer and nearer the fulcrum; and cammeans, curved upward substantially in correspondence with the decreasein leverage of the gravity load about the fulcrum with the sidewisemovement, for thereby tilting the body against gravity substantiallythroughout its sidewise movement at a rate of tilting increasingprogressively substantially in correspondence with the decrease inleverage; so that by uniform effort the body may be moved sidewise at asubstantially uniform rate, the progressively increasing rate of tiltingbeing compensated by correspondingly diminishing resistance to tilting.

5. The combination with a vehicle chassis affording a lateral fulcrum,and a dump body in leverage, and then permitting substantially freeautomatic movement of the body after its center of gravity passes thefulcrum, followed by abrupt arrest at the end of the cam slot; so thatby uniform effort the body may be moved sidewise at a substantiallyuniform rate until the point of free automatic movement is reached, theprogressively increasing rate of tilting being compensated bycorrespondingly diminishing resistance to tilting.

ANTON BREZOVITZ.

